Abstract

Depression, a debilitating mental illness that affects millions of individuals, is an ever-growing epidemic coinciding with a rise in numerous mental health conditions. Unfortunately, current pharmaceutical treatments, such as SSRI’s, are not always effective when treating a broad range of symptoms nor are therapeutic results observed within short periods of times. As such, ketamine, a glutamatergic targeting antidepressant, has sparked interest within the medical community for its short-acting antidepressive outcomes. Ketamine primarily acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist which is responsible for most of its anesthetic and acute psychoactive properties. However, the mechanisms behind ketamine’s therapeutic results are still unclear. Dextromethorphan, another NMDA receptor antagonist, may help to identify shared therapeutic outcomes in this variety of drug. The aim of this study was to identify dextromethorphan’s antidepressive effects in mice following an inescapable shock learned helplessness model of depression. Following inescapable shock training, subjects were either administered dextromethorphan or saline 48 hours prior to behavioral testing. The forced swim test and sucrose preference test were utilized to assess depressive symptoms between the two groups. The results of this study indicated there was no significant difference in the reduction of depressive-like symptoms between control or dextromethorphan treatment groups in either the forced swim test or the sucrose preference test. The absence of significance may indicate that dextromethorphan does not possess the same effective therapeutic outcome as ketamine, especially in the context of a learned helplessness depression model. While dextromethorphan’s therapeutic potential is still in question, the results of this study indicate that a shared NMDA receptor antagonism is not yet enough to signify antidepressive outcomes in glutamatergic drugs.

Advisor

Zuniga, Alfredo

Department

Neuroscience

Disciplines

Behavioral Neurobiology | Biology | Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience | Other Chemicals and Drugs | Other Neuroscience and Neurobiology | Pharmacology | Psychiatric and Mental Health

Keywords

depression, mice, neuroscience, NMDA receptor, glutamate, dextromethorphan

Publication Date

2024

Degree Granted

Bachelor of Arts

Document Type

Senior Independent Study Thesis

Available for download on Tuesday, January 01, 2030

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