Characterization of Aedes japonicus Complex in Medina, Ohio

Kaydee M. Clark, The College of Wooster

Abstract

Mosquitoes, particularly Anopheles, Culex, and Aedes genera, serve as vectors for various diseases such as malaria, West Nile Virus (WNV), dengue, and Zika. Among these, Aedes japonicus an invasive species, exhibits a notable capacity for geographic expansion and genetic diversity, necessitating comprehensive vector control strategies to mitigate public health risks associated with disease transmission. The goals of this study were to determine abundance, composition of the complex, and polymorphisms and phylogenetic analyses of Ae. japonicus in Medina, Ohio.

Mosquitoes were collected in Medina, Ohio, using CDC Gravid Traps and oviposition traps placed at various sites near bodies of water between May and August of 2023. The collected mosquitoes were morphologically identified and further confirmed through DNA isolation, PCR, and Sanger sequencing, followed by genetic analysis including sequence alignment, translation to protein sequences, and phylogenetic tree construction to understand their genetic diversity and relationships.

A total of 90 Ae. japonicus mosquitoes were collected from May to August, with 31 in July and 59 in August. While sequencing efforts revealed low success rates, Blastn results confirmed the presence of Ae. j. japonicus in Medina, Ohio, suggesting a potential introduction from Canada. Further studies are recommended to determine the origin and potential impact of Ae. j. japonicus in Ohio, considering its vector potential for diseases like West Nile Virus and the need for continued monitoring to mitigate public health risk.